Kosem Sultan is Haseki Sultan and Valide Sultan who played an active role in the Ottoman state administration. The wife of the Ottoman sultan Ahmed I, the sultan IV. She is the mother of Murad and Ibrahim I. She is considered one of the most powerful female sultans in Ottoman history. His life has been the subject of novels, plays, operas.Kosem Sultan, who is also known as Valide-i Muazzama, Sahibet-ül Makam, Valide-i Kebire, is the son of her sons IV. Murad and İbrahim and his grandson IV. She is a Hanım Sultan who was influential in the state administration for many years during the reign of Mehmed.
- Birth: 1589-90 estimated
- Died: September 2, 1651 – Istanbul
- Identity: Wife of Sultan Ahmed I, Sultan IV. Mother of Murad and Sultan İbrahim.
The Descendants of Kösem Sultan and His Arrival at the Palace :
It is estimated that Kosem Sultan, for whom we do not have enough information about the first years of his life, was the daughter of an Orthodox priest and was probably brought from Bosnia. The sultan, whose real name was Mahpeyker, became famous with the name Kosem among the people.
Kosem, who is estimated to have been born in 1589, attracted the attention of Sultan Ahmet I with her beauty when she came to the palace, became his wife, and came to the fore in the palace when she started giving birth to her sons. When his wife Ahmet I caught a fatal fever, he prepared his sons for the sultanate and started various activities. Taking the risk of causing a major change in the sultanate system, Ahmet I’s brother brought Mustafa to the throne and stayed in the Old Palace for 6 years during this period.
Son of IV. When Murat came to the throne in 1623, he got the power he wanted and came to Topkapı Palace from the Old Palace as the valide sultan with a great ceremony. Since his son Murat was 12 years old, Kosem Sultan gained the right to speak in the state administration.
Kösem Sultan’s Sultan IV. The Impact on the Management of the Murad Era :
Kosem Sultan, with the two reigns of Mustafa I and II. He was in the Old Palace for six years during the reign of Osman. Son of IV. Murad’s accession to the throne in 1623 gave him the power he desired, and he came to Topkapi Palace from the Old Palace with a special ceremony and became a valid sultan. The fact that Murad was only twelve years old made him have a say in the administration of the state and he worked with the state officials in solving many problems during these years. Sultan Murad was also learning state affairs with his mother and was planning to take over the administration.
Kosem Sultan, on the other hand, did not intend to leave her authority to her son. However, after the dismissal of Grand Vizier Hüsrev Pasha, the events that developed in the provinces and in Istanbul weakened his power and in 1632 IV. It ended with Murad’s take. But still IV. Murad listened to his mother’s words and could not completely break away from her. As a matter of fact, during his Bursa trip, IV. Upon the reactions among the ulema as a result of Murad’s execution of the Iznik qadi, who had some complaints about him, Şeyhülislam Ahizade Hüseyin Efendi sent a memorandum to Kosem Sultan and asked him to warn his son, and also informed him of the rumors of the abdication of the sultan. Kosem Sultan informed him of all these developments. He immediately passed it on to his son. Upon this notice, the sultan came to Istanbul and had the sheikh al-Islam executed without investigating the incident. Kosem Sultan, who seems to have gained the trust of his son due to this event, IV. After Murad’s successful return from the Revan campaign, he could not prevent his brothers, Bayezid and Süleyman, who were separated from their mothers, to be killed by his own brother Kasım in 1635, shortly before he set out for the Baghdad campaign.
The Impact of Kösem Sultan on the Administration of the Sultan İbrahim Era :
The entourage of his other son, Sultan İbrahim, enabled Kosem Sultan to regain his former power, especially Sultan İbrahim’s mental problems increased his responsibility. But as the days passed, Sultan İbrahim’s spiritual troubles increased and he did not listen to his mother. Under the influence of his concubines and favorites, he drove his mother away from the palace and forced her to reside in the Garden of İskender Çelebi. However, the increase in the crazy demands of the sultan day by day caused him to be dethroned. The leading figures of the state, with the permission of his mother Kosem Sultan, deposed Sultan İbrahim and thus Kosem Sultan returned to the palace. He prepared his grandson Mehmet for the throne and the enthronement took place. His son İbrahim was strangled in the room where he was locked up.
Extra History Of Kosem Sultan :
Kosem Sultan, who considered it usual for her to remain in power because her grandson was 7 years old and her daughter-in-law Hatice Turhan Sultan was young and inexperienced, had to go to the Old Palace and retreat to her corner, according to tradition. Turhan Sultan did not have the authority. However, Kosem Sultan did not do this and continued to interfere in state affairs and tried to gather a great power behind him. On the other hand, Hatice Turhan Sultan started to work against Kosem Sultan.
Kosem Sultan, who wanted to kill Turhan Sultan and his son, who was a threat to him, made a plan with the aghas, but when this plan went to Turhan Sultan, the situation turned against Kosem Sultan. Turhan Sultan, who acted more quickly, commissioned Süleyman Ağa and had Kosem Sultan killed in his room. In 1651, the sultan’s funeral was taken to the Old Palace and buried next to his wife Ahmet I in the Sultan Ahmet Mosque burial ground.
Kösem Sultan’s Charities :
Kosem Sultan, who left his mark on a period, also had a lot of income. The sultan, who distributed this earnings generously, would even go to prisons and pay the debts of the debtors and save them. 200 poor people were benefiting from the charity works he established under the name of Sadat Ulufesi. In addition, the mother sultan, who had many works built, had foundations in some places including Cyprus, Eğriboz and Lesbos.
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